This is why my initial flashcards on a topic would be cover a breadth of individual details, but later I'd start creating concept based flashcards where I'd ask

This is why my initial flashcards on a topic would be cover a breadth of individual details, but later I'd start creating concept based flashcards where I'd ask things like "how does it make sense that....?" After somewhat memorizing foundational knowledge, understanding concepts and having frameworks of thinking for a topic will further increase critical thinking while reducing the amount of cognitive effort required for critical thinking about unfamiliar situations. I hope one day these more efficient models that "clean up" the review schedule by linking/identifying related flashcards become publicly available.