Possibly the Free City of Cracow (Kraków) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_City_of_Cracow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_City_of_Cracow - which was argu

Possibly the Free City of Cracow (Kraków) - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_City_of_Cracow https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_City_of_Cracow - which was arguably the only 'Polish' state that existed at the time, surviving until 1848? Although I suspect it may be coming from the Wikipedia article, or its source (which is in Polish so I can't verify exactly what it says) - reproduced below. > The Napoleonic Code, introduced in the Duchy of Warsaw in 1808, was silent on homosexuality. After 1815, all three countries that partitioned Poland explicitly declared homosexual acts illegal. In Congress Poland homosexuality was criminalised in 1818, in Prussia in 1871 and in Austria in 1852. Russia's new code of law (called Kodeks Kar Głównych i Poprawczych/Уложение о наказаниях уголовных и исправительных 1845 года) in 1845 penalized homosexuality with forced resettlement to Siberia.