You're right, and I'd add on that monads only need pure and bind (>>=), das it! pure :: Monad m => a -> M a (>>=) :: Monad m => M a -> (a -> M b) -> M

You're right, and I'd add on that monads only need pure and bind (>>=), das it! pure :: Monad m => a -> M a (>>=) :: Monad m => M a -> (a -> M b) -> M b pure is sometimes called return and >>= is sometimes called bind and flat map. I was unsure that bind was the same as flatmap but it looks like it is.