For many small one off projects, you don't need enough ancillary components to require a dedicated PCB. Merely soldering a few pins to some buttons, LEDs, perha

For many small one off projects, you don't need enough ancillary components to require a dedicated PCB. Merely soldering a few pins to some buttons, LEDs, perhaps a ready made relay module etc. In this case, a perf board to hold everything together is more than sufficient. I made my own bathroom fan speed controller that react to humidity level by cobbling together some ready made modules, a few wires, LEDs, an arduino board and some Rust. It was much faster than making a dedicated PCB. In case you are curious, the fan is hidden away in the attic for noise isolation. The humidity sensor and an indicator LED lives in the intake grill above the shower. Connected via a few meters of ethernet cable running along the air duct to the control box. The sensor communicates via i2c. The control box adjusts the fan speed with a triac.