5 ms·

I assume the executables won't run on ARM platforms? So modern Macs are out, etc.

nabla9 2y ago
It works on AMD64 and ARM64 both. It makes two architecture fat binary, but removes all code not needed. Resulting binary is typically only 30-50% larger than 1-architecture binary.
- mkl 2y ago
  More details of supported platforms at https://justine.lol/cosmo3/ https://justine.lol/cosmo3/ and https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/tool/cosmocc/README.md https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/tool/cosmoc..., both linked in the release notes.
lukemerrick 2y ago
Looks like there is both an ARM and x86 version according to the docs. Probably need two different binaries, but you still get cross-OS for each architecture.
- eesmith 2y ago
  It's a single binary, cross-OS, cross-arch. Go to https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ and download an executable, like https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename . % curl -O https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 663k 100 663k 0 0 440k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 441k % chmod +x basename On macOS with an M1: % arch arm64 % sha256sum basename 2e4cf8378b679dd0c2cdcc043bb1f21eaf464d3c3b636ed101fbc5e3230eb5fb basename % file ./basename ./basename: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors % ./basename /dev/null.txt null.txt On FreeBSD with an amd64: % uname -sm FreeBSD amd64 % sha256sum basename 2e4cf8378b679dd0c2cdcc043bb1f21eaf464d3c3b636ed101fbc5e3230eb5fb basename % file basename basename: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors % ./basename /dev/null.pdf null.pdf
  - alganet 2y ago
    Kind of. It can be read as a single binary, some supported systems will do that. In others, the executable is first parsed as a shell script. There's definitely more to it than a single binary. MZqFpD=' ø @ ' <<'justine0e5c7z' È ²@ë ëëHƒì1Ò½ ëéE ü‡>à¿ p1ÉŽÁúŽ×‰Ìûè ^îr ¸ PP 1ÿ¹ ó¤‡ÒÿêŽ ŽÙ¹ ¸P ŽÀ1À1ÿóª€ú@tè °1É0ö¿Pèo ŒÆƒÆ ŽÆOuóê ' SR´Ís1ÀÍrF¸¹ ¶ » ŽÃ1ÛÍr3´Ír-ˆÏ€ç?€áÀÐÁÐÁ†Í1öŽÆ¾‡÷¥¥¥¥¥¤“«®‘«’«Xª’[ÃZ€ò€1ÀÍr÷ë¡PQ†ÍÐÉÐÉÁ1Û°´ÍYXrþÀ:$v °þÆ:6)v0öAÃP1ÀÍXëÌ‰þ¬„Àt » ´ÍëòÃW¿¹&èèÿ_èäÿ¿Á&èÞÿóëü¹ ¾ …Àt QV—¾Ð&è ^YâîÃ‰ú…ÒtRV1É±Ê¬^ €îZ¬îBIyúÃ € ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ Uª justine0e5c7z #'" o=$(command -v "$0") [ x"$1" != x--assimilate ] && type ape >/dev/null 2>&1 && exec ape "$o" "$@" t="${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}/.ape-1.10" [ x"$1" != x--assimilate ] && [ -x "$t" ] && exec "$t" "$o" "$@" m=$(uname -m 2>/dev/null) || m=x86_64 if [ ! -d /Applications ]; then if [ x"$1" = x--assimilate ]; then if [ "$m" = x86_64 ] || [ "$m" = amd64 ]; then exec 7<> "$o" || exit 121 printf '\177ELF\2\1\1\11\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0>\0\1\0\0\0vE@\0\0\0\0\0\510\013\000\000\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\100\0\70\0\006\000\0\0\0\0\0\0' >&7 exec 7<&- fi exit
    - bux93 2y ago
      Reminds me of a cool tool I once used, uudecode.com, which was a DOS binary that only used 7-bit characters and could decode uuencoded (base64 predecessor) files. Was useful for getting attachments through e-mail in the face of all kinds of filters.
      - eesmith 2y ago
        https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16312317 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16312317 - "A C89 compiler that produces executables that are also valid ASCII text files" http://tom7.org/abc/ http://tom7.org/abc/ The paper for SIGBOVIK 2017 is both a text file and an executable.
        metadat 2y ago
        Really near. Also discussed 11 months ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36821985 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36821985 (15 comments)
d4rti 2y ago
Works for sure: $ file ./bin/python ./bin/python: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors $ ./bin/python Python 3.11.4 (heads/pypack1:6eea485, Jan 24 2024, 10:14:24) [GCC 11.2.0] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import platform >>> platform.processor() 'arm'
- 4gotunameagain 2y ago
  Out of curiosity, why are you running python packed with cosmopolitan ?
  - simonw 2y ago
    Presumably to demonstrate that it works on Mac ARM platforms, in response to the question about that.
    - 4gotunameagain 2y ago
      If was satisfied with my own presumption I wouldn't have asked ;)
      - simonw 2y ago
        That Python app is a popular demo for Cosmopolitan. It's what I would have chosen for that demo, too! It's handy because it outputs a little bit of information about the current architecture on the first line when you start the shell. There's some interesting background on it in this issue: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/141 https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/141
- smcameron 2y ago
  I forget how I did this, but: $ file hello.com hello.com: αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε
Aissen 2y ago
It depends. It does not work on CentOS 8 / Rocky 8 for example: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/1151 https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/1151
- jart 2y ago
  Is that an embedded device with a small address space? APE used to require a 47bit address space. The release I published today fixes that. Maybe give it another try?
  - Aissen 2y ago
    No, it's a server with 256GB of RAM, but indeed the kernel config has CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS_48=y (and 52 for userspace). I have since moved away from this kernel, I'll see if I find the time to boot it again to test the latest memory map manager. Edit: I tried booting it, the issue is still present, I updated the github issue.

It works on AMD64 and ARM64 both. It makes two architecture fat binary, but removes all code not needed. Resulting binary is typically only 30-50% larger than 1-architecture binary.

mkl 2y ago
More details of supported platforms at https://justine.lol/cosmo3/ https://justine.lol/cosmo3/ and https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/tool/cosmocc/README.md https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/blob/master/tool/cosmoc..., both linked in the release notes.

lukemerrick 2y ago

Looks like there is both an ARM and x86 version according to the docs. Probably need two different binaries, but you still get cross-OS for each architecture.

eesmith 2y ago
It's a single binary, cross-OS, cross-arch. Go to https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/ and download an executable, like https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename . % curl -O https://cosmo.zip/pub/cosmos/bin/basename % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 663k 100 663k 0 0 440k 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 441k % chmod +x basename On macOS with an M1: % arch arm64 % sha256sum basename 2e4cf8378b679dd0c2cdcc043bb1f21eaf464d3c3b636ed101fbc5e3230eb5fb basename % file ./basename ./basename: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors % ./basename /dev/null.txt null.txt On FreeBSD with an amd64: % uname -sm FreeBSD amd64 % sha256sum basename 2e4cf8378b679dd0c2cdcc043bb1f21eaf464d3c3b636ed101fbc5e3230eb5fb basename % file basename basename: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors % ./basename /dev/null.pdf null.pdf
- alganet 2y ago
  Kind of. It can be read as a single binary, some supported systems will do that. In others, the executable is first parsed as a shell script. There's definitely more to it than a single binary. MZqFpD=' ø @ ' <<'justine0e5c7z' È ²@ë ëëHƒì1Ò½ ëéE ü‡>à¿ p1ÉŽÁúŽ×‰Ìûè ^îr ¸ PP 1ÿ¹ ó¤‡ÒÿêŽ ŽÙ¹ ¸P ŽÀ1À1ÿóª€ú@tè °1É0ö¿Pèo ŒÆƒÆ ŽÆOuóê ' SR´Ís1ÀÍrF¸¹ ¶ » ŽÃ1ÛÍr3´Ír-ˆÏ€ç?€áÀÐÁÐÁ†Í1öŽÆ¾‡÷¥¥¥¥¥¤“«®‘«’«Xª’[ÃZ€ò€1ÀÍr÷ë¡PQ†ÍÐÉÐÉÁ1Û°´ÍYXrþÀ:$v °þÆ:6)v0öAÃP1ÀÍXëÌ‰þ¬„Àt » ´ÍëòÃW¿¹&èèÿ_èäÿ¿Á&èÞÿóëü¹ ¾ …Àt QV—¾Ð&è ^YâîÃ‰ú…ÒtRV1É±Ê¬^ €îZ¬îBIyúÃ € ÿÿÿ ÿÿÿÿ Uª justine0e5c7z #'" o=$(command -v "$0") [ x"$1" != x--assimilate ] && type ape >/dev/null 2>&1 && exec ape "$o" "$@" t="${TMPDIR:-${HOME:-.}}/.ape-1.10" [ x"$1" != x--assimilate ] && [ -x "$t" ] && exec "$t" "$o" "$@" m=$(uname -m 2>/dev/null) || m=x86_64 if [ ! -d /Applications ]; then if [ x"$1" = x--assimilate ]; then if [ "$m" = x86_64 ] || [ "$m" = amd64 ]; then exec 7<> "$o" || exit 121 printf '\177ELF\2\1\1\11\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0>\0\1\0\0\0vE@\0\0\0\0\0\510\013\000\000\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\100\0\70\0\006\000\0\0\0\0\0\0' >&7 exec 7<&- fi exit
  - bux93 2y ago
    Reminds me of a cool tool I once used, uudecode.com, which was a DOS binary that only used 7-bit characters and could decode uuencoded (base64 predecessor) files. Was useful for getting attachments through e-mail in the face of all kinds of filters.
    - eesmith 2y ago
      https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16312317 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16312317 - "A C89 compiler that produces executables that are also valid ASCII text files" http://tom7.org/abc/ http://tom7.org/abc/ The paper for SIGBOVIK 2017 is both a text file and an executable.
      - metadat 2y ago
        Really near. Also discussed 11 months ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36821985 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36821985 (15 comments)

d4rti 2y ago

Works for sure: $ file ./bin/python ./bin/python: DOS/MBR boot sector; partition 1 : ID=0x7f, active, start-CHS (0x0,0,1), end-CHS (0x3ff,255,63), startsector 0, 4294967295 sectors $ ./bin/python Python 3.11.4 (heads/pypack1:6eea485, Jan 24 2024, 10:14:24) [GCC 11.2.0] on linux Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import platform >>> platform.processor() 'arm'

4gotunameagain 2y ago
Out of curiosity, why are you running python packed with cosmopolitan ?
- simonw 2y ago
  Presumably to demonstrate that it works on Mac ARM platforms, in response to the question about that.
  - 4gotunameagain 2y ago
    If was satisfied with my own presumption I wouldn't have asked ;)
    - simonw 2y ago
      That Python app is a popular demo for Cosmopolitan. It's what I would have chosen for that demo, too! It's handy because it outputs a little bit of information about the current architecture on the first line when you start the shell. There's some interesting background on it in this issue: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/141 https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/141
smcameron 2y ago
I forget how I did this, but: $ file hello.com hello.com: αcτµαlly pδrταblε εxεcµταblε

Aissen 2y ago

It depends. It does not work on CentOS 8 / Rocky 8 for example: https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/1151 https://github.com/jart/cosmopolitan/issues/1151

jart 2y ago
Is that an embedded device with a small address space? APE used to require a 47bit address space. The release I published today fixes that. Maybe give it another try?
- Aissen 2y ago
  No, it's a server with 256GB of RAM, but indeed the kernel config has CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS_48=y (and 52 for userspace). I have since moved away from this kernel, I'll see if I find the time to boot it again to test the latest memory map manager. Edit: I tried booting it, the issue is still present, I updated the github issue.