As a paramedic, drive time isn't necessarily the biggest factor, I feel, it's response times for EMS, particularly for wounds that are not easy to tourniquet.

As a paramedic, drive time isn't necessarily the biggest factor, I feel, it's response times for EMS, particularly for wounds that are not easy to tourniquet. After that, it's also generally not distance or speed of drive time - usually the factor that determines speed to the hospital is "opticom", aka traffic light pre-emption. I can move a lot more smoothly if my opticom is making the entire "lane" of intersections green for me, even if traffic is garbage. There's also a self-selection in that study. Reality is most GSWs do not NEED to go to a L1 Trauma Center (the difference between L1 and L2 in most cases is as simple as "teaching facilities", the difference between these and L3 is who is required to have certain people physically at the hospital 24/7 versus "on-call").