The extent to which aggression differences between sexes is the result of nature or nurture seems to have policy implications. For instance it would change the

The extent to which aggression differences between sexes is the result of nature or nurture seems to have policy implications. For instance it would change the balance between the effectiveness of re-training versus more physical interventions. If men indeed have a hard-wired tendency toward sexual violence, it gives cultural interventions a lower return on investment and incarceration a relatively higher one. For instance there has recently been a lot of controversy around the claim by J.K. Rowling that studies show that transgender males have the same rates of sexual predation as other males. Understanding of the balance of biological versus social influence informs that debate. To improve our selves we must know our selves.