> Logical reasoning is a higher order skill that often requires formal training. It's not a natural ability for human beings. I've read your comments here, and

> Logical reasoning is a higher order skill that often requires formal training. It's not a natural ability for human beings. I've read your comments here, and while I understand your point I think you have it backwards. The only reason we formed societies is because we evolved an innate a theory of mind to reason about how others might be thinking and feeling. That's reasoning. We have a natural ability to do limited arithmetic, otherwise we wouldn't be able to hunt, gather or track enough to endure winters, or keep track of our sheep or children for that matter. That's reasoning. Reasoning is a natural ability for human beings, but we also carry a lot of evolutionary impulses that add a lot of noise to the decision process, eg. observation->judgment->[set of possible decisions], judgment has "reason" as one path that adds to the set of possible decisions, but there remain other paths we inherited from our evolutionary roots. Education is training that suppresses poorly calibrated judgment paths that lead to frequent mistakes in the decision set, but reasoning remains, thus education improves the signal to noise ratio of our decision making. So I 100% disagree that an individual cannot separate cause and effect without training. They will just be worse at it than someone who is trained to filter out those impulses that lead us to jump to conclusions, eg. they will produce more noise / a larger set of possibilities than reason would allow.