I’ve just always considered natural keys public keys, and added a surrogate key as private key. From the outside you won’t see it, but internally it saves a lo

I’ve just always considered natural keys public keys, and added a surrogate key as private key. From the outside you won’t see it, but internally it saves a lot of headaches. Space, speed, migrations, I have just never seen an actual downside to using a surrogate. And if you are absolutely sure, add some unique constraints. Easier to change when you inevitably have to. Mainly; I’ve learned that my initial assumptions are never correct.