https://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.95.045001 https://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.95.... is one article that provides

https://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.95.045001 https://journals.aps.org/rmp/abstract/10.1103/RevModPhys.95.... is one article that provides some insight. It describes the nature of viral particles exhaled in different activities, and explains how effective different masks are at preventing these particles from being inhaled. Separately, I was surprised to see that OP's article looked at studies starting in 1978, since modern electrostatic filtering masks were only patented in 1995--so I'm not sure how meaningful it is to lump studies on older mask technologies in with modern masks.