What is needing is rather than "end-to-end-encryption", is user-defined encryption; i.e. you can use your own software for encryption, instead of (or in additio

What is needing is rather than "end-to-end-encryption", is user-defined encryption; i.e. you can use your own software for encryption, instead of (or in addition to) using whatever the service provides. This encrypts the messages regardless of what the communication services are doing (or are claiming to do). HTTPS will only prevent spies observing or altering your communications; it does not prevent the service that you are communicating with (or whoever owns them now) from adding malware, etc.