Strictly speaking, your example qualifies as a VFX shot. However the line between practical and VFX/CGI can still feel very fuzzy. Top Gun Maverick was markete

Strictly speaking, your example qualifies as a VFX shot. However the line between practical and VFX/CGI can still feel very fuzzy. Top Gun Maverick was marketed as having filmed all the jet sequences "practically". And while it is true that nearly every shot of a jet started life as a shot of a real jet, the jets themselves were replaced with CGI in the final product. You couldn't tell, of course, because CGI has gotten very good, and the actual shot composition is still grounded in the reality of shooting with a physical camera looking at a real airplane. This approach happens a ton in the industry, where they film a "practical" effect, then replace it with CGI. The benefit to this is that you get an exceptional reference for the lighting and physics of the effect. When executed well, nobody can tell the difference. In Top Gun's case, they were able to shoot scenes with real fighter jets you can fly today, then replace those jets with whatever fictional or historical jet they really wanted for the scene.