Plan 9 dropped the concept and went graphics first using a 2D engine called devdraw which you load assets into and issue draw commands. Text is a first class pr

Plan 9 dropped the concept and went graphics first using a 2D engine called devdraw which you load assets into and issue draw commands. Text is a first class primitive so drawing text is pretty simple. It has a shell but it lacks cursor control so stdout/stderr is written to the window's /dev/text - think of a window as a dumb textbox. If you need vt100 emulation you run the command in vt(1) which is a graphics program which emulates a tty terminal. When you run a graphical program from the shell it opens in the same window as it should because the window is more like a canvas. The window manager Rio(1) just multiplexes the /dev/draw device so you can run any graphical program from the initial graphical terminal - a window manager not needed. You can also run rio in rio as much as you want - its devdraw all the way down. If you really wanted to preserve a TUI program you could run in vt(1) or I think there is a curses library that does draw stuff on the back end skipping the vt emulation. In this day and age I see no reason to perpetuate the tty terminal outside of Unix as it's an obsolete concept.