Prostate cancer also came to my mind first. Doctors generally stop screening for prostate cancer after a certain age (70 and older is the recommended cutoff fr

Prostate cancer also came to my mind first. Doctors generally stop screening for prostate cancer after a certain age (70 and older is the recommended cutoff from the US Preventative Services Task Force), because, if the cancer wasn't causing symptoms, it's unlikely to impact quality of life or cause death before something else. The USPSTF references a lot of meta-analyses dealing with screening outcomes. They make decisions by whether a specific screening practice decreases mortality rates. They explicitly don't even include the financial cost of a screening practice.