One pretty strong argument against that claim comes from an interesting experiment with world class chess players. When you give top players positions from real

One pretty strong argument against that claim comes from an interesting experiment with world class chess players. When you give top players positions from real games they can often memorize dozens of boards, which makes for pretty impressive blind simultaneous matches, I think the world record is in the dozens. But when you hand them illogical or random positions that never occur on boards they can maybe memorize one or two boards, only a little bit better than an amateur with reasonable memory. You could even try this with programming. Have a programmer memorize a page of code then try it with someone who has never coded. Pattern recognition, which is learned, has huge impact on ability to memorize. It's sort of intuitive why, if I see three functions and I can recognize that it's fizzbuzz, recursive fibonacci and bubble sort all I need to remember is variable names. My dad who has never seen code would have to recall every symbol.