The article doesn't touch the issue of land grabbing, that I think it would be important on discussing economic viability of cattle ranching vs. reforestation e

The article doesn't touch the issue of land grabbing, that I think it would be important on discussing economic viability of cattle ranching vs. reforestation efforts. When you're trying to out-compete ranching, at least in Brazil, very often "ranching" means not only the lawful activity of selling produced beef/milk, as one may think at first. You also must out-compete the profits from illegal schemes that go along with it. For example, the land registry in Brazil is very unreliable, so there's a large criminal "industry" profiting through public lands stealing, by deforesting protected areas, setting ranches, and later using fake documents to sell these areas as if they were grandfathered private properties. Other schemes use cattle in money laundering, for example, through inflated sales of prized animal specimens, or their semen for supposed artificial insemination purposes, where a small sample sometimes is sold for millions, giving cover for illegal money from other activities (gold digging in indigenous lands, deforestation/land grabbing, drug trafficking, fauna smuggling, et cetera). Without a crackdown on such cattle ranching adjacent illegal activities, I'm pessimistic any carbon-credit based efforts will have a significant impact. For a concrete case example, see: https://news.mongabay.com/2023/02/the-20m-flip-the-story-of-the-largest-land-grab-in-the-brazilian-amazon/ https://news.mongabay.com/2023/02/the-20m-flip-the-story-of-...