While this is true in the general case, some number of smart cards and SIMs run Java Card directly on the hardware, using the Jazelle instruction set from ARM.

While this is true in the general case, some number of smart cards and SIMs run Java Card directly on the hardware, using the Jazelle instruction set from ARM. So a Java Actual Machine, rather than a Java Virtual Machine. https://www.design-reuse.com/news/4228/arm-securcore-supports-sun-microsystems-java-card-technology.html https://www.design-reuse.com/news/4228/arm-securcore-support...