That's actually a pretty good question. The NTR-031 IR cartridges were used for a few games, and there was also one for Motion Sensors and a TV Antenna. From w

That's actually a pretty good question. The NTR-031 IR cartridges were used for a few games, and there was also one for Motion Sensors and a TV Antenna. From what I can see, it looks like even though they can't extend the functionality directly, they do still interface with the system in some way. Perhaps they are more like a device connected to a serial port would be? So far less capable than the full extension cart, but still possible to communicate with through a standardized protocol? (The DS Cartridge slot has 8 data pins rather than the full address/data bus, but seems to have a protocol: http://problemkaputt.de/gbatek.htm#dscartridgeprotocol http://problemkaputt.de/gbatek.htm#dscartridgeprotocol) So, I need to correct myself, they nerfed it first with the DS, before then switching to being pure flash chips with the 3DS when they switched to XtraROM (which has potential lifespan issues: https://gbatemp.net/threads/nintendo-switch-3ds-cartridge-lifespan.591607/ https://gbatemp.net/threads/nintendo-switch-3ds-cartridge-li...) - and that seems to not allow much custom functionality: https://www.3dbrew.org/wiki/Gamecards#Protocol https://www.3dbrew.org/wiki/Gamecards#Protocol (Though if someone with more knowledge can correct me, please do so. I thought that DS/3DS/Switch are pure flash chips, but was wrong at least about the DS)