Not necessarily, fresher or graduate trainee programs are this effectively. Large companies especially conglomerates do this by hiring freshers and investing i

Not necessarily, fresher or graduate trainee programs are this effectively. Large companies especially conglomerates do this by hiring freshers and investing in their learning and benefit by paying a bit lesser than the market over the years . Apprenticeship has also been successful economically at even a scale of one master/sole proprietor for centuries. The key is to derive value while they learn, not split the learning and earning parts completely