None of them have taken off because the UX sucks. Say what you will about open source development, Tor, P2P, IPFS, etc, it's an amazing achievement, but without

None of them have taken off because the UX sucks. Say what you will about open source development, Tor, P2P, IPFS, etc, it's an amazing achievement, but without great design and UX it will never take off. It needs to work cross platform, be designed beautifully, be consistent in speed, responsiveness, etc; have support and documentation; guaranteed uptime; work cross-device; integrate with modern services, etc etc. A long tail of features that users care about. Devs will ship 1/10th of the total package as free, open source and scratch their heads at why the users don't come to enjoy the freedom. As Steve Jobs said, "Design is how it works." And most of these solutions don't work for the average user.