For a review from 2009 that I think does a good job of summarizing the views of economists (though it's not my research area): https://www.nber.org/papers/w1509

For a review from 2009 that I think does a good job of summarizing the views of economists (though it's not my research area): https://www.nber.org/papers/w15098 https://www.nber.org/papers/w15098 "Such models provide little support for the Donohue and Levitt hypothesis in either the US or the United Kingdom." Related: Levitt did a podcast recently that got a lot of attention, where he looks back on his career and discusses his retirement at age 58, and discusses this topic: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/steven-d-levitt-freakonomics-co-author-and-u-chicago/id1597594188?i=1000649022075 https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/steven-d-levitt-freako...