Oh, I agree, Apple did ultimately make use of those technologies. They built on those ideas, but the again so did lots of others. I'm not suggesting Apple didn

Oh, I agree, Apple did ultimately make use of those technologies. They built on those ideas, but the again so did lots of others. I'm not suggesting Apple didn't (ultimately) embrace those technologies, but rather that they weren't the "driving force" behind them. Whereas you could say Apple was the "driving force" of the GUI. Microsoft would go on to drive Office software. There were word processors, and spreadsheets before Office, but Office integrated all those tools together and became the gold standard. Adobe would drive desktop publishing, PDF and so on. Sooo much of today's world is built on PARC, SRI, Bell Labs, and a couple others. It was an explosion of development and research seldom seen in any field outside times of war.