Are these treaties binding? I know there can be other repercussions for signatories for violating treaties. But usually there are no clear rules on what the rep

Are these treaties binding? I know there can be other repercussions for signatories for violating treaties. But usually there are no clear rules on what the repercussions should be. Also , since signatories are nation-states, not sure how individuals could be held accountable for any violations by the international community. Such as private corporations