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> I still don't understand how a country can grant extradition of a non US citizen to the USA for "espionage". The act happened on a computer system with-in US

> I still don't understand how a country can grant extradition of a non US citizen to the USA for "espionage". The act happened on a computer system with-in US jurisdiction. See also "Three North Korean Military Hackers Indicted in Wide-Ranging Scheme to Commit Cyberattacks and Financial Crimes Across the Globe": > Indictment Expands 2018 Case that Detailed Attack on Sony Pictures and Creation of WannaCry Ransomware by Adding Two New Defendants and Recent Global Schemes to Steal Money and Cryptocurrency from Banks and Businesses while Operating in North Korea, China * https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/three-north-korean-military-hackers-indicted-wide-ranging-scheme-commit-cyberattacks-and https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/three-north-korean-military-h... * https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/feb/17/north-korea-hack-cryptocurrency-us-charges https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/feb/17/north-kor... * https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56103921 https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-56103921 > Every country is potentially spying on every other country and it doesn't even matter if they are supposed to be allies or enemies. There are 'official' spies that have diplomatic immunity, and so cannot be charged, but can be expelled. The 'unofficial' spies can certainly be charged: * https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jun/29/fbi-breaks-up-alleged-russian-spy-ring-deep-cover https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/jun/29/fbi-breaks-up-... When it comes to cyber-y stuff, certainly countries work against each other, but if it's a "group" that is doing the attacks, it may be hard to identify the individuals, but when they are identified, they can be charged: * https://www.theregister.com/2024/03/25/china_apt31_charges/ https://www.theregister.com/2024/03/25/china_apt31_charges/

Etherlord87 3y ago
> The act happened on a computer system with-in US jurisdiction. So let's say I google some information about Koran and find a website with Koran, analysis etc. Turns out it's hosted in Saudi Arabia, and the act of me, an atheist, reading Koran is blasphemy, punishable with death. So should I be extradited to Saudi Arabia, given that the act happened on a computer system with-in Saudi Arabia?
- throw0101c 3y ago
  > So should I be extradited to Saudi Arabia, given that the act happened on a computer system with-in Saudi Arabia? IANAL: AIUI, extradition generally only occurs if the (alleged) action is a crime in both jurisdiction. > If Country A has no laws against blasphemy, for example, a lack of double criminality could prevent a suspect from being extradited from Country A to face blasphemy charges in another country, i.e. no outbound extradition from Country A, and neither are citizens of Country A eligible for international prisoner transfers from another country having criminally convicted them for blasphemy, i.e. no inbound prisoner transfer to Country A. * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_criminality https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_criminality Blasphemy (against the Quran) is not a crime in (e.g.) the US, so generally you could not be extradited from there for it. Also, there is no the treaty: * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia–United_States_relations#Extradition_issues https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia–United_States_rel... Whereas (say) unauthorized computer access is a crime in many places, and so it could be a mutual-crime eligible for extradition. Of course if you live in Country A and are charged in Country B which has no treaty with A, you could potentially (IANAL) be arrested in Country C—which does have a treaty with B—if you were travelling there.

Etherlord87 3y ago

> The act happened on a computer system with-in US jurisdiction. So let's say I google some information about Koran and find a website with Koran, analysis etc. Turns out it's hosted in Saudi Arabia, and the act of me, an atheist, reading Koran is blasphemy, punishable with death. So should I be extradited to Saudi Arabia, given that the act happened on a computer system with-in Saudi Arabia?

throw0101c 3y ago
> So should I be extradited to Saudi Arabia, given that the act happened on a computer system with-in Saudi Arabia? IANAL: AIUI, extradition generally only occurs if the (alleged) action is a crime in both jurisdiction. > If Country A has no laws against blasphemy, for example, a lack of double criminality could prevent a suspect from being extradited from Country A to face blasphemy charges in another country, i.e. no outbound extradition from Country A, and neither are citizens of Country A eligible for international prisoner transfers from another country having criminally convicted them for blasphemy, i.e. no inbound prisoner transfer to Country A. * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_criminality https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_criminality Blasphemy (against the Quran) is not a crime in (e.g.) the US, so generally you could not be extradited from there for it. Also, there is no the treaty: * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia–United_States_relations#Extradition_issues https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia–United_States_rel... Whereas (say) unauthorized computer access is a crime in many places, and so it could be a mutual-crime eligible for extradition. Of course if you live in Country A and are charged in Country B which has no treaty with A, you could potentially (IANAL) be arrested in Country C—which does have a treaty with B—if you were travelling there.