There's also Poincare and the Bakery [0], which is quite possibly apocryphal but often told - esentially a departure from the normal disibution showing somethin

There's also Poincare and the Bakery [0], which is quite possibly apocryphal but often told - esentially a departure from the normal disibution showing something odd going on. I vaguely recall reading that the technique was used in the second world war to catch black marketers; if the distribution of weights of rationed items had a discontinuity near the weight limit, it was evidence that the seller was keeping the heavier portions back for private sales. [0] https://houstonstatisticians.wordpress.com/2013/01/11/poincare-and-the-bakery/ https://houstonstatisticians.wordpress.com/2013/01/11/poinca...