Japan is a bit of a unicorn amongst central banks and has historically relied on a range of unorthodox policy at its central bank. There was window guidance in

Japan is a bit of a unicorn amongst central banks and has historically relied on a range of unorthodox policy at its central bank. There was window guidance in the bubble era, there was the invention of QE and negative interest rates, and during the 2020s the Bank of Japan became the largest shareholder in the Nikkei. Japan has done a lot of innovative things trying to claw itself out of the post bubble hole.