Yea, the paper makes clear it's a associative meta-analysis, and the conclusion is basically "we should figure out what the mechanism is" Plus, even if it is c

Yea, the paper makes clear it's a associative meta-analysis, and the conclusion is basically "we should figure out what the mechanism is" Plus, even if it is causal, it's not really new information: we know high-salt, high-calorie, nutrient-deficient foods (which ultraprocessed foods tend to be) DO causally drive the negative health outcomes described in the paper. So like, this is basically a study that goes "yup, all the small studies are still saying this know-to-be-bad thing is still bad, despite recent interventions - let's go figure out if there's more mechanisms we missed here, or if it's just a matter of more interventions/individual choice at this point"