To answer the question: How far from visual deductive reasoning? Consider G. Spencer Brown's Calculus of Indications. If you read his book it shows how using th

To answer the question: How far from visual deductive reasoning? Consider G. Spencer Brown's Calculus of Indications. If you read his book it shows how using the mark/cross is trivial for visual deductions (if well-formed in translation). There is also work on this from Kaufmann at University of Illinois and William Bricken. Though this is a bit different than Raven's matrices.