> It takes too much work to verify everything in every field personally, you wouldn't be able to move at all. Yes and no. The scale of the checking problem is

> It takes too much work to verify everything in every field personally, you wouldn't be able to move at all. Yes and no. The scale of the checking problem is formidable, as you're aware. However, many claims in scientific papers are weak. Even highly cited papers can contain nonsense that doesn't stand up to mild scrutiny. Given that, I think progress can be made towards the problem if every researcher simply spent more time checking previous work. Checking everything is impossible, but progress can be made by prioritizing, dividing the work up among everyone, and doing checks that don't take much time. As an example of a highly cited paper with easily noticed major issues, consider this comment I posted on PubPeer: https://pubpeer.com/publications/95455FA4147A9CBD5EAA5185D21DAC https://pubpeer.com/publications/95455FA4147A9CBD5EAA5185D21... The first version of this paper was published in 1991 and has over 300 citations. It's still cited to this day. Despite this, in 2016 I read the later journal version of the paper and pretty quickly realized that the first part of the paper was basically nonsense. You don't need to look hard to realize that either! The problem can be found by simple spot checks, looking at the trends of the equation. (I can't quite recall, but I think that's how I figured out that the model was wrong in the first place.) My paper refuting the model to date has zero citations that aren't from me. The closest I've received so far was an email from someone who was curious that I was apparently the first to notice the problem, over 20 years after the first publication of the model.