circuitpython uses PWM to do the same, see for example https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-audio-out https://learn.adafruit.com/ci

circuitpython uses PWM to do the same, see for example https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitpython-audio-out https://learn.adafruit.com/circuitpython-essentials/circuitp.... I tried connecting a speaker with just a single MOSFET as a digital amplifier, and there was nothing to hear from the original PWM signal, it's probably completely out of the speaker's output range (didn't check though).