Epidemiology specifically does not and can not nail down claims, but rather provides probabilities of possible causal relationships. It is a collection of stat

Epidemiology specifically does not and can not nail down claims, but rather provides probabilities of possible causal relationships. It is a collection of statistical methods based on interpretation of available data, usually from public health records. Anyone who complains that it doesn't prove anything outright has no idea of what it is, how it works or what it tries to achieve.