Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) were a major development by Shinya Yamanaka around 20 years ago. Essentially, you take an adult's cell and induce it to bec

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) were a major development by Shinya Yamanaka around 20 years ago. Essentially, you take an adult's cell and induce it to become a stem cell. I don't know much more about it but that certainly is part of the answer to your question. Hopefully others will chime in ...