At Netlify scale, it'll be the latter. And the appropriate thing to do with free-tier traffic is set lower QoS so it doesn't interfere with paid traffic. This,

At Netlify scale, it'll be the latter. And the appropriate thing to do with free-tier traffic is set lower QoS so it doesn't interfere with paid traffic. This, it doesn't have cost. You can say "the sum total of free-tier traffic requires X additional connections" but the sudden burst of DoS traffic did not raise marginal costs (besides an inconsequential usage of electricity).