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Yes, the joys of fracking[2]! "The presence of certain contaminants commonly found in fracking wastewater — including bromide (which can create toxic by-product
by thelastgallon 3y ago
Yes, the joys of fracking[2]! "The presence of certain contaminants commonly found in fracking wastewater — including bromide (which can create toxic by-products) and radionuclides, as well as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) like salts (for which conventional wastewater treatment is largely ineffective) — are of major concern not only because of the potential impacts on rivers, streams and groundwater, but also for downstream water treatment plants, where conventional treatment technologies are not equipped to deal with such contaminants. " https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/fighting-climate-chaos/issues/fracking/environmental-impacts-water https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/fighting-climate-chaos/issues...
Both flowback and produced water may contain (PDF) heavy metals such as barium and lead (PDF), hydrocarbons, naturally occurring radioactive material, and incredibly high levels of salinity. Flowback and produced wastewater can also include chemical additive formulas, with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene, ethylene glycol, methanol, and toluene. Between 2005 and 2013, the EPA identified 1,084 chemicals reported in fracking formulas: https://www.consumerreports.org/water-contamination/how-fracking-has-contaminated-drinking-water-a1256135490/ https://www.consumerreports.org/water-contamination/how-frac...
Wind: on average a wind turbine should be cleaned every 5 to 7 years to achieve maximum performance[1], so 3 - 5 times total in a ~25 year lifespan. This recommendation is from a wind turbine maintenance company, of course they'll recommend these kind of services, just like dealerships recommend changing oils every 3000 miles, when reality is you don't need them that often. I can't imagine wind turbines needing any cleaning with water that rains can't do.
Solar: Can't imagine anyone cleaning panels that would do a better job than rains. Most of the utility scale plants are in deserts, highly unlikely they have any water. A few utility scale plants may wash once or twice a year for better performance.
[1]https://fairwindres.com/wind-industry-maintenance/turbine-cleaning/ https://fairwindres.com/wind-industry-maintenance/turbine-cl...
[2] The Latest Fracking Science Finds More Serious Health Risks: https://www.nrdc.org/bio/amy-mall/latest-fracking-science-finds-more-serious-health-risks https://www.nrdc.org/bio/amy-mall/latest-fracking-science-fi...