> We know that our language can express that somehow Do we? I don't think that's true. I think we rely on an innate, or learned trust heuristic placed upon th

> We know that our language can express that somehow Do we? I don't think that's true. I think we rely on an innate, or learned trust heuristic placed upon the author and context. Any claim needs to be sourced, or derived from "common knowledge", but how meticulously we enforce these requirements depends on context derived trust in a common understanding, implied processes, and overall the importance a bit of information promises by a predictive energy expenditure:reward function. I think that's true for any communication between humans, and also the reason we fall for some fallacies, like appeal to authority. Marks of trustworthiness may be communicated through language, but it's not encoded in the language itself. The information of trustworthiness itself is subject to evaluation. Ultimately, "truth" can't be measured, but only agreed upon, by agents abstractly rating it's usefulness, or consequence for their "survival", as a predictive model. I am not sure any system could respectively rate an uncertain statement without having agency (as all life does, maybe), or an ultimate incentive/reference in living experience. For starters, a computer doesn't relate to the implied biological energy expenditure of a "adversary's" communication, their expectation of reward for lying or telling "the truth". It's not just pattern matching, but understanding incentives. For example, the context of a piece of documentation isn't just a few surrounding paragraphs, but the implication of an author's lifetime and effort sunk into it, their presumed aspiration to do good. In a man-page, I wouldn't expect an author's indifference or maliciousness about it's content, at all, so I place high trust in the information's usefulness. For the same reason I will never put any trust in "AI" content - there is no cost in its production. In the context of LLMs, I don't even know what information means in absence of the intent to inform... Some "AI" people wish all that context was somehow encoded in language, so, magically, these "AI" machines one day just get it. But I presume, the disappointing insight will finally come down to this: The effectiveness of mimicry is independent of any functional understanding - A stick insect doesn't know what it's like to be a tree. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimicry