What's your question, exactly? "Can inflation[1] be caused by other means than literally printing money?" Of course it can. That's not a license to call thin

What's your question, exactly? "Can inflation[1] be caused by other means than literally printing money?" Of course it can. That's not a license to call things like supply shocks or trade wars "printing money" though. Your hyperfocus on this one gotcha point is betraying your ignorance about the actual economics, which is my point you seem to be trying to ignore. [1] Actually you started with money supply expansion, which isn't really the same thing. But I think you're really talking about inflation.