These are settled questions if you substitute "sales employee" for "chatbot". Or at least, the law has mechanisms to answer such questions. Easy example first

These are settled questions if you substitute "sales employee" for "chatbot". Or at least, the law has mechanisms to answer such questions. Easy example first: if you're trying to fast-talk someone into agreeing to sell an expensive car for $1, you're trying to scam them. No judge (I hope) is going to uphold that even if the words "Yeah, sure" came out of the salesperson's mouth. It gets more complicated when it's a contract people might actually sign. If you call up your ISP and the low-level sales representative agrees to give you 50% off for the next six months as credit for a couple days of service outage -- that might actually be a binding contract, even if it's well outside what the company authorized their agent to do. Same with agreeing to take a return, etc. However I am unsure whether thinking of chatbots as legal agents of their owner/operator is correct (either as a question of law, or just being useful as a metaphor).