Whether or not they're "hopeless" at math is a subjective/open question, but someone in their teens who cannot subtract is objectively "bad at math" at that mom

Whether or not they're "hopeless" at math is a subjective/open question, but someone in their teens who cannot subtract is objectively "bad at math" at that moment. In this subthread, I'm trying to understand how even Algebra I can be taught to proficiency to someone who is not capable of subtracting two numbers. Even graphing a simple linear y = x - 3 requires subtraction. Division is based on subtraction. We might not think of 6 / 2 as requiring subtraction, but 114 / 6 does as does "How many slices of pizza are left over if you start with 8 slices and divide slices evenly among 3 people?". "2 pizzas with 8 slices each and 5 people?" Multiplying out y = (x + 2) * (x - 4). Find the x intercepts of y = x² - x - 6. Find the intersection of two lines. Maybe I'm "bad at imagination" and hopeless, but I don't see it likely that many students who can't subtract will thrive in Algebra I and from that recognize "oh, I'm actually good at math; let me see if I can find those old flash cards and figure out this subtraction thing..." IMO, kids who cannot subtract need to be assessed to see if it's a capacity issue or a path/background issue. If it's the latter, giving them support and teaching them arithmetic seems far more likely to succeed than trying to teach them Algebra, and will far more valuable to them in life (budgeting, credit, taxes, etc.). I greatly respect that you have experience teaching Algebra to disadvantaged youth. I wonder if the success cases you saw were those who absolutely could subtract but just couldn't be bothered to do classroom tricks to perform for other teachers. "Could do arithmetic but just couldn't be bothered" tracks for me much more than "Can't do arithmetic but can thrive in Algebra".