I don't think you're even really engaging with the article. It doesn't matter what healthcare model your country uses, what's being measured here is what the in

I don't think you're even really engaging with the article. It doesn't matter what healthcare model your country uses, what's being measured here is what the insulin companies are selling the insulin for. It's academic whether that money is coming via a insurance model like France, a state model like the UK, or a private model like the US. What's being measured is the money going to the people selling the insulin. What it highlights in this case is that somehow the US has ended up in a situation where their model creates incentives to drive prices up where clearly other countries don't. You can argue the French system is bad in different ways but as a matter of fact from this research we can see they're not paying more for insulin than the US.