> Franks were a Germanic people and were much more culturally affine to the Anglo-Saxons. It very much depends on what you mean by Franks. As with everything i

> Franks were a Germanic people and were much more culturally affine to the Anglo-Saxons. It very much depends on what you mean by Franks. As with everything in History, terms themselves have a history that must be understood. Clovis-era Franks were a Germanic people. Later in the Merovingian era not so clearly, as Germanity wasn't a defining characteristic of the Franks as a people and Germanic origins were seemingly forgotten. The push East under the later Merovingians and early Carolingians likely produced more Germanic-speaking Franks than there were before. As for Charlemagne, while he couldn't indeed speak a language that didn't exist yet (French), considering the area his family was based around as well as his constraints and style of government, it would be surprising if he wasn't bilingual in Gallo-Romance and High German. Bilingualism is heavily implied throughout the Carolingian era in a lot of the written source, and explicit by the end.