Volkat Ertit is one of the popular sociologists arguing about it. Here is an article: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/03/turkey-is-getting-more-secula

Volkat Ertit is one of the popular sociologists arguing about it. Here is an article: https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/03/turkey-is-getting-more-secular.html https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2015/03/turkey-is-getti... You can also find videos of him explaining his findings in more details and he probably has books on it. It's also a common theme among the islamist, they keep complaining that significant number of kids in islamic schools are actually not muslim(but theists or agnostic or something of this sort) and demand that "someone should do something". However the more widespread theme is that lots of people are becoming "spiritual" instead of muslims or straight out atheists. They live secular lives, only say that they believe in Allah. Here is an example, a very popular Turkish influencer who came out of an imam-hatip school: https://www.instagram.com/lucifermichaelson/ https://www.instagram.com/lucifermichaelson/ Does he look like an islamist to you? He is pretty much banking on the Andrew Tate and Dan Bilzerian style when drops some verses from the koran every now and then. He will say some verse from some holly text about the beauty of the women when coming out of the pool with few models in it. It's a very widespread phenomenon these days to be "muslim" in the sense that you don't eat pork and wear a scarf or something and then live completely secular life otherwise. The traditional seculars are mocking this new affluential demographic as "süslüman", which is a word play on "süslü"(fancy, with a lot of ornaments ) and "müslüman" (muslim).