The upfront cost of the car itself is a big part of total cost of ownership. About half if you drive 15,000 miles per year and keep the car for at least 10 year

The upfront cost of the car itself is a big part of total cost of ownership. About half if you drive 15,000 miles per year and keep the car for at least 10 years. For example I bought a 2008 car for $25,000 and drive it 10,000 miles per year. I finally reached the point where insurance, fuel, and maintenance also added up to $25,000. If I financed the car it would increase the CAPEX side. If I was a young driver the insurance would be much more expensive pushing up the OPEX side. You need a lot of electric miles to make the upfront cost worth it. The biggest beneficiaries from energy cost savings are those who choose a long commute (or have to). But moving closer saves a lot of time and mileage. If only zoning were not so restrictive to allow for more housing supply closer in.