At some point, the technical advancement rate of markets tops out and other nations then can catch up. Ford ultimately gave way to Toyota. Westinghouse to Panas

At some point, the technical advancement rate of markets tops out and other nations then can catch up. Ford ultimately gave way to Toyota. Westinghouse to Panasonic. The counter example is the semiconductor tool industry where the advancement of technical capability remains ahead of the rate other countries can catch up with them. Internal to the industry, the 'low-tech' machines are made by Japanese manufacturers: Track (TEL), Wet (Screen). US/Europe (AMAT, LRCX, KLAC, ASML, ASMI) remain dominant in that capital equipment market.