There are a few things going on that I’m aware of. It’s usually related to disk. - Windows update can take a lot of blame for this. Basically the longer the Wi

There are a few things going on that I’m aware of. It’s usually related to disk. - Windows update can take a lot of blame for this. Basically the longer the Windows release has been out, the more windows updates there are. After every boot one of the first things windows does is check for updates. It then scans the local folder where the updates are saved and does some sort of check to make sure everything is good. Processing this folder can take hours on an older machine with a spinning disk. - The Windows registry, where almost all windows settings and quite often app settings are stored, has terrible performance and can become bloated over the years at as more and more stuff is written to it. - An SSD can suffer bad write performance if you are dealing with a somewhat full disk and it can’t trim space quick enough to deal with new writes coming in. - In Linux you’re not supposed to mount with discard any more but instead rely on a cron job that runs in the background once a day. I think various manufacturers are supposed to handle the trim in firmware too but then it’s a black box. - Filesystems generally perform worse as they fill up. In my experience NTFS seems to have a lower threshold than ext4 or XFS. - Your disk might be failing. Look at the SMART stats to see if you are hitting unacceptable error thresholds. - In Linux anything that uses snaps will take forever to start the first time.