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My impression is that Metal was a massive that succeeded because it was limited in scope to Apple platforms. It then put a bunch of pressure on Kronos to push o

My impression is that Metal was a massive that succeeded because it was limited in scope to Apple platforms. It then put a bunch of pressure on Kronos to push out Vulkan. Prior to Metal, we thought that the future of OpenGL was newer versions of OpenGL. I get a headache even thinking about projects that affect, like, three different teams within my own company. I can’t imagine the kind of migraine I’d get from trying to push a completely new standard out to multiple CPU architectures, operating systems, and GPU vendors across multiple companies.

jorvi 3y ago
Metal is younger than Mantle. Vulkan is based on Mantle. If anything, Mantle inspired Apple.
- pjmlp 3y ago
  Vulkan only exists because AMD was nice and gave it to Khronos. As Long Peaks experience has shown, had not been for AMD, and Khronos would still be wondering how OpenGL vNext was supposed to look like. This is why Apple has issues with Khronos, they didn't like what happened to OpenCL after giving it to Khronos.
- klodolph 3y ago
  Yes, Mantle is older. But after Mantle came out, my impression is that the OpenGL committee intended to deliver a new version of OpenGL, rather than rewrite it. I think of the timeline like this: Mantle comes out and it shows that you can deliver performance improvements with a new API that more closely reflects the hardware. Microsoft goes off and starts working on DirectX 12, to bring those benefits to DirectX. OpenGL starts working on a new version of OpenGL, to bring those benefits to OpenGL, but the progress is somewhat slower. Apple works on Metal internally, so it doesn’t have to wait for a new OpenGL and doesn’t have to deal with committees. Khronos sees that they’re being left behind, and kicks off OpenGL Next. Rough timeline: 2013: AMD makes Mantle (no GA). 2014: OpenGL AZDO talks. Apple delivers Metal 1.0. Khronos kicks off the Vulkan project, then named OpenGL Next. 2015: OpenGL Next renamed as Vulkan. Microsoft delivers DirectX 12. 2016: Vulkan 1.0.

jorvi 3y ago

Metal is younger than Mantle. Vulkan is based on Mantle. If anything, Mantle inspired Apple.

pjmlp 3y ago
Vulkan only exists because AMD was nice and gave it to Khronos. As Long Peaks experience has shown, had not been for AMD, and Khronos would still be wondering how OpenGL vNext was supposed to look like. This is why Apple has issues with Khronos, they didn't like what happened to OpenCL after giving it to Khronos.
klodolph 3y ago
Yes, Mantle is older. But after Mantle came out, my impression is that the OpenGL committee intended to deliver a new version of OpenGL, rather than rewrite it. I think of the timeline like this: Mantle comes out and it shows that you can deliver performance improvements with a new API that more closely reflects the hardware. Microsoft goes off and starts working on DirectX 12, to bring those benefits to DirectX. OpenGL starts working on a new version of OpenGL, to bring those benefits to OpenGL, but the progress is somewhat slower. Apple works on Metal internally, so it doesn’t have to wait for a new OpenGL and doesn’t have to deal with committees. Khronos sees that they’re being left behind, and kicks off OpenGL Next. Rough timeline: 2013: AMD makes Mantle (no GA). 2014: OpenGL AZDO talks. Apple delivers Metal 1.0. Khronos kicks off the Vulkan project, then named OpenGL Next. 2015: OpenGL Next renamed as Vulkan. Microsoft delivers DirectX 12. 2016: Vulkan 1.0.