None of those substantiate an effect of similar magnitude to smoking, though. Those are all (pretty much by definition, since it's newly-published work) detect

None of those substantiate an effect of similar magnitude to smoking, though. Those are all (pretty much by definition, since it's newly-published work) detections that just barely rise above the threshold needed to be confident enough to publish. Needless to say if we were living 10 years less[1] because of some unknown contaminant in our environment, we'd know. As always, xkcd makes the point best: https://xkcd.com/882/ https://xkcd.com/882/ The world isn't falling apart. You're just digging around to find enough "maybes" to P-hack your way into believing it. [1] About the right order of magnitude for smoking all by itself.