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Everyone ought to read "A Chemical Hunger"(1) which posits that the relationship between altitude and obesity is real(2), and is mediated by lithium in the drin

Everyone ought to read "A Chemical Hunger"(1) which posits that the relationship between altitude and obesity is real(2), and is mediated by lithium in the drinking water. (1)https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/02/a-chemical-hunger-part-vii-lithium/ https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2021/08/02/a-chemical-hunger-p... (2) -Higher altitudes are associated with lower obesity rates in the US and other countries, including Spain and Tibet. -Colorado, the highest-altitude US state, has the lowest obesity incidence. -County-level obesity data in the US reveals clear patterns in the Rockies, Sierra Mountains, and Appalachians. -"Altitude anorexia" causes sudden weight loss in individuals relocating to high-altitude areas. -Similar weight loss effect is observed in lab rats moved to higher-altitude labs. -Evidence suggests a relationship between altitude and lower diabetes rates, independent of variables like age and BMI. -Oxygen and carbon dioxide variations with elevation alone do not explain the altitude-weight relationship. -Submarines with elevated CO2 levels do not consistently lead to weight gain, refuting atmospheric explanations.

JumpCrisscross 3y ago
> Submarines with elevated CO2 levels do not consistently lead to weight gain, refuting atmospheric explanations How are the reduced partial pressure of oxygen and low temperature rejected as causes? The two largest metabolic taxes I experience at altitude are the fatigue during acclimation, which I understand to be the production and maintenance of red blood cells (as well as dehydration), and lower temperatures.
- rsofaer 3y ago
  Submarines also have reduced partial pressure of oxygen, (18-19%). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378427489900350?via%3Dihub https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378427489...
  - JumpCrisscross 3y ago
    > Submarines also have reduced partial pressure of oxygen, (18-19%) The article defines high altitude at 1.96km, or 6,430 feet. That’s a less-than 16.5% effective oxygen atmosphere [1]. [1] https://www.higherpeak.com/altitudechart.html https://www.higherpeak.com/altitudechart.html
kart23 3y ago
actually according to the CDC Washington D.C. has a lower obesity rate than Colorado, but they do overlap with error bars. And D.C. is basically at sea level. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html
- nickff 3y ago
  Washington D.C. is not a state, it's a federal district. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.
- TheCoelacanth 3y ago
  When compared to states, DC is almost always the highest or lowest regardless of what the metric is. There is no state with remotely close to the level of urbanization DC has so it's almost always an outlier.
- InitialLastName 3y ago
  Washington D.C., being a small, densely populated region that is covered by a coherent public transit system, is very different from Colorado (which has large areas that are rural and heavily car-dependent) in ways that might well bias obesity rates independently of the (relatively small) effect from altitude. A comparison between Colorado and an actual state (which will involve non-urban regions) might be better.
toast0 3y ago
> -Submarines with elevated CO2 levels do not consistently lead to weight gain, refuting atmospheric explanations. From my circle of friends in the Navy, submarine food is not super appealing, which may be a large factor in weight difference observed after a tour.
- RationPhantoms 3y ago
  I had always thought that Submarine chow was better so as to act as a morale booster. Apparently that's not the case.
  - toast0 3y ago
    I think the problem is they have to go a long time between supplies, so there's not much that's fresh. And I don't think there's that much variety. That said, some sailors consistently come back bigger, and some consistently come back smaller, so it's mixed. :)
    - psunavy03 3y ago
      Having cruised on a carrier and known folks who deployed on land overseas, this is not unusual. Everything is contextual, and when you put some folks in the context of deployment, they decide the remedy for boredom is to work out a lot. Or their job requires it (infantry, hauling heavy things, etc). Other people don't have either of those, and just eat, do their jobs, and sit around. I have noticed overall that the tendency seems to be for most folks to get trimmer, just because in general you're walking/moving around more and there's generally no alcohol available. Going up and down ladderwells to get everywhere burns calories even if you're not a gym rat.
- BurningFrog 3y ago
  Is it possible the non standard atmosphere affects appetite or taste sensation?
NoZebra120vClip 3y ago
This lithium thing is laughable. They lean on a fake study that claims 100% efficacy in improving mood. I'm here to tell you it doesn't work that way. My psychiatrist (trained in Forensics) insists that I have bipolar disorder and nothing else. She exclusively pushes bipolar medication, because I can't possibly suffer from anything else that can be treated any other way. She knows full well that lithium intake (as well as other drugs I've taken, such as Risperidone) nearly always leads to weight gain and obesity. I can draw clear and unambiguous lines from my hospitalizations to my weight gains--even after losing 180 pounds, I porked up again to all-time highs. These gains are chiefly due to my loss of self-esteem and confidence, but also to drugs. Gynecomastia, partly because of Risperidone, perhaps also due to obesity itself. (Don't let them pretend that gynecomastia is limited to adolescent boys; I'm 51.) She also became quite anxious when I reported high levels of caffeine intake, but her concern for my anxiety was a mere façade: caffeine disrupts the activity of serum lithium and accelerates its elimination from the body, therefore invalidating any therapeutic levels that we might achieve by pill intake! So go ahead, guzzle that 2L Pepsi Cola, it will relieve the nasty adverse effects! Long ago, upon my mid-90s "bipolar" "diagnosis", my father recounted a 100% B.S. anecdote of a small Italian village where they discovered everyone's mood was so mellow, and it was because of natural lithium deposits in their groundwater. I knew it was B.S. and I was appalled that my scientist father could believe such fairy tales, after teaching me everything about chemistry, biology, and geology, far beyond any college education I later obtained. The physicians prescribing drugs also tag-team each other to see who can induce "side effect synergy". This is a syndrome that has no clinical term, because it's a dirty secret. Once you are on 3-4 different drugs, collate all the possible side effects, identify the ones you're suffering and the ones that may pre-exist, and you'll find that there's almost a deliberate escalation of adverse effects as they add more medications to your arsenal. There is good news, folks; I am drug-free for 60 days as of this writing, and I feel better than ever. I have identified a regimen of supplements which I take faithfully, and supplements make me feel good, not ashamed and not oppressed. Supplements are food! That's perhaps disingenuous: I do indeed take drugs - Traditional Medicinals teas are unambiguously natural drugs, to regulate my blood pressure, treat anxiety and agitation, and relieve pain and assist digestion. I have no trouble taking natural drugs; it's the pharmaceuticals that are toxic and overall, cause harm. Since going drug-free, my diarrhea was relieved and I've lost nearly 20 pounds. My goal is 60 more pounds away and I'm confident, with divine help, that I can succeed with this. Of course, weight loss is a permanent lifestyle commitment and not a fad diet or a month in the gym. But it's the single most healthful thing we can do for ourselves; the benefits are limitless.

JumpCrisscross 3y ago

> Submarines with elevated CO2 levels do not consistently lead to weight gain, refuting atmospheric explanations How are the reduced partial pressure of oxygen and low temperature rejected as causes? The two largest metabolic taxes I experience at altitude are the fatigue during acclimation, which I understand to be the production and maintenance of red blood cells (as well as dehydration), and lower temperatures.

rsofaer 3y ago
Submarines also have reduced partial pressure of oxygen, (18-19%). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378427489900350?via%3Dihub https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378427489...
- JumpCrisscross 3y ago
  > Submarines also have reduced partial pressure of oxygen, (18-19%) The article defines high altitude at 1.96km, or 6,430 feet. That’s a less-than 16.5% effective oxygen atmosphere [1]. [1] https://www.higherpeak.com/altitudechart.html https://www.higherpeak.com/altitudechart.html

kart23 3y ago

actually according to the CDC Washington D.C. has a lower obesity rate than Colorado, but they do overlap with error bars. And D.C. is basically at sea level. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html

nickff 3y ago
Washington D.C. is not a state, it's a federal district. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.
TheCoelacanth 3y ago
When compared to states, DC is almost always the highest or lowest regardless of what the metric is. There is no state with remotely close to the level of urbanization DC has so it's almost always an outlier.
InitialLastName 3y ago
Washington D.C., being a small, densely populated region that is covered by a coherent public transit system, is very different from Colorado (which has large areas that are rural and heavily car-dependent) in ways that might well bias obesity rates independently of the (relatively small) effect from altitude. A comparison between Colorado and an actual state (which will involve non-urban regions) might be better.

toast0 3y ago

> -Submarines with elevated CO2 levels do not consistently lead to weight gain, refuting atmospheric explanations. From my circle of friends in the Navy, submarine food is not super appealing, which may be a large factor in weight difference observed after a tour.

RationPhantoms 3y ago
I had always thought that Submarine chow was better so as to act as a morale booster. Apparently that's not the case.
- toast0 3y ago
  I think the problem is they have to go a long time between supplies, so there's not much that's fresh. And I don't think there's that much variety. That said, some sailors consistently come back bigger, and some consistently come back smaller, so it's mixed. :)
  - psunavy03 3y ago
    Having cruised on a carrier and known folks who deployed on land overseas, this is not unusual. Everything is contextual, and when you put some folks in the context of deployment, they decide the remedy for boredom is to work out a lot. Or their job requires it (infantry, hauling heavy things, etc). Other people don't have either of those, and just eat, do their jobs, and sit around. I have noticed overall that the tendency seems to be for most folks to get trimmer, just because in general you're walking/moving around more and there's generally no alcohol available. Going up and down ladderwells to get everywhere burns calories even if you're not a gym rat.
BurningFrog 3y ago
Is it possible the non standard atmosphere affects appetite or taste sensation?

NoZebra120vClip 3y ago

This lithium thing is laughable. They lean on a fake study that claims 100% efficacy in improving mood. I'm here to tell you it doesn't work that way. My psychiatrist (trained in Forensics) insists that I have bipolar disorder and nothing else. She exclusively pushes bipolar medication, because I can't possibly suffer from anything else that can be treated any other way. She knows full well that lithium intake (as well as other drugs I've taken, such as Risperidone) nearly always leads to weight gain and obesity. I can draw clear and unambiguous lines from my hospitalizations to my weight gains--even after losing 180 pounds, I porked up again to all-time highs. These gains are chiefly due to my loss of self-esteem and confidence, but also to drugs. Gynecomastia, partly because of Risperidone, perhaps also due to obesity itself. (Don't let them pretend that gynecomastia is limited to adolescent boys; I'm 51.) She also became quite anxious when I reported high levels of caffeine intake, but her concern for my anxiety was a mere façade: caffeine disrupts the activity of serum lithium and accelerates its elimination from the body, therefore invalidating any therapeutic levels that we might achieve by pill intake! So go ahead, guzzle that 2L Pepsi Cola, it will relieve the nasty adverse effects! Long ago, upon my mid-90s "bipolar" "diagnosis", my father recounted a 100% B.S. anecdote of a small Italian village where they discovered everyone's mood was so mellow, and it was because of natural lithium deposits in their groundwater. I knew it was B.S. and I was appalled that my scientist father could believe such fairy tales, after teaching me everything about chemistry, biology, and geology, far beyond any college education I later obtained. The physicians prescribing drugs also tag-team each other to see who can induce "side effect synergy". This is a syndrome that has no clinical term, because it's a dirty secret. Once you are on 3-4 different drugs, collate all the possible side effects, identify the ones you're suffering and the ones that may pre-exist, and you'll find that there's almost a deliberate escalation of adverse effects as they add more medications to your arsenal. There is good news, folks; I am drug-free for 60 days as of this writing, and I feel better than ever. I have identified a regimen of supplements which I take faithfully, and supplements make me feel good, not ashamed and not oppressed. Supplements are food! That's perhaps disingenuous: I do indeed take drugs - Traditional Medicinals teas are unambiguously natural drugs, to regulate my blood pressure, treat anxiety and agitation, and relieve pain and assist digestion. I have no trouble taking natural drugs; it's the pharmaceuticals that are toxic and overall, cause harm. Since going drug-free, my diarrhea was relieved and I've lost nearly 20 pounds. My goal is 60 more pounds away and I'm confident, with divine help, that I can succeed with this. Of course, weight loss is a permanent lifestyle commitment and not a fad diet or a month in the gym. But it's the single most healthful thing we can do for ourselves; the benefits are limitless.