Building a reduced Pascal and a full Forth demonstrates why the latter was popular on tiny machines: the former will be roughly half compiler and half machinery

Building a reduced Pascal and a full Forth demonstrates why the latter was popular on tiny machines: the former will be roughly half compiler and half machinery to deal with Pascal having a grammar. (less if you're into definitely-non-Wirthian optimising compilers; more if you're into attempting to provide useful-to-newbies error messaging)