Also pressure from middle management. Many managers have no skillset beyond "walk by people's desk and see if they look like they're working." Once workers were

Also pressure from middle management. Many managers have no skillset beyond "walk by people's desk and see if they look like they're working." Once workers were home, they couldn't keep track of whether they were productive or not. Yet they were still productive. In lots of cases they were more productive. While the obvious answer is that it was clear companies need less management positions, if you're one of those managers, it makes sense to convince your superiors to get everyone back in the office so you can walk by their desks again.