The shrink created Denard Scaling, which directly boosted speed. Later, when that ended, more transistors still delivered strong enhancements to capture greate

The shrink created Denard Scaling, which directly boosted speed. Later, when that ended, more transistors still delivered strong enhancements to capture greater ILP and TLP. Today, it’s a combination of many small factors. Leakage is still going down, drive amplification is still going up, and density is still improving switching power, but the overall manifestation is more subtle and depends on design to bring out the best in the process.